Peter Sloterdijk: “La vida actual no invita a pensar” | Ideas | EL PAÍS

Peter Sloterdijk: "La vida actual no invita a pensar" | Ideas | EL PAÍS
Para Husserl y su fenomenología había que salir del tiempo impetuoso de la vida, el dispositivo más elemental era siempre dar un paso atrás. Ese acto te permite convertirte en observador. Sin una cierta distancia, sin una cierta desimplicación la actitud teórica es imposible. La vida actual no invita a pensar.

https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/05/03/ideas/1556893746_612400.html

Pascal - hablar con discreción

LGTBQIA2s = LGTBQIA + dos espiritus

[1530:] Cabeza de Vaca escribió en su diario que vio indios en 🇺🇸 "dos espíritus" hombres vestidos como mujeres 


.Los Euro-Americanos exigían que la gente fuera solo hombre o como mujer


For European settlers the Original Peoples way of life was perplexing, including the the Two Spirits tradition.

"The New World." This romanticized term inspired legions of Europeans to race to the places we live in search of freedoms from oppressive regimes or treasures that would be claimed in the name of some European nation.

Those who arrived in the Native American Garden of Eden had never seen a land so uncorrupted. The Europeans saw new geography, new plants, new animals, but the most perplexing curiosity to these people were the Original Peoples and our ways of life. Of all of the foreign life ways Indians held, one of the first the Europeans targeted for elimination was the Two Spirit tradition among Native American cultures. At the point of contact, all Native American societies acknowledged three to five gender roles: Female, male, Two Spirit female, Two Spirit male and transgendered. LGBT Native Americans wanting to be identified within their respective tribes and not grouped with other races officially adopted the term "Two Spirit" from the Ojibwe language in Winnipeg, Manitoba, 1989. Each tribe has their own specific term, but there was a need for a universal term that the general population could understand. The Navajo refer to Two Spirits as Nádleehí (one who is transformed), among the Lakota is Winkté(indicative of a male who has a compulsion to behave as a female), Niizh Manidoowag(two spirit) in Ojibwe, Hemaneh (half man, half woman) in Cheyenne, to name a few. As the purpose of "Two Spirit" is to be used as a universal term in the English language, it is not always translatable with the same meaning in Native languages. For example, in the Iroquois Cherokee language, there is no way to translate the term, but the Cherokee do have gender variance terms for "women who feel like men" and vice versa.

Old Prejudices In The New World

The Jesuits and French explorers told stories of Native American men who had "Given to sin" and "Hunting Women" with wives and later, the British returned to England with similar accounts. George Catlin said that the Two Spirit tradition among Native Americans "Must be extinguished before it can be more fully recorded." In keeping with European prejudices held against Natives, the Spanish Catholic monks destroyed most of the Aztec codices to eradicate traditional Native beliefs and history, including those that told of the Two Spirit tradition. In 1530, the Spanish explorer Cabeza de Vaca wrote in his diary of seeing "soft" Native Indian males in Florida tribes dressing and working as  women. Just as with all other aspects of the European regard for Indians, gender variance was not tolerated. Europeans and eventually Euro-Americans demanded all people conform to their prescribed two gender roles.

The Native American belief is that some people are born with the spirits of both genders and express them so perfectly. It is if they have two spirits in one body. Some Siouan tribes believed that before a child is born its soul stands before The Creator, to either reach for the bow and arrows that would indicate the role of a man or the basket that would determine the role of a female. When the child would reach for the gender-corresponding hand, sometimes The Creator would switch hands and the child would have chosen the opposite gender's role and therefore casting its lot in life.

Native Americans traditionally assign no moral gradient to love or sexuality; a person was judged for their contributions to their tribe and for their character. It was also a custom for parents to not interfere with nature and so among some tribes, children wore gender-neutral clothes until they reached an age where they decided for themselves which path they would walk and the appropriate ceremonies followed. The Two Spirit people in pre-contact Native America were highly revered and families that included them were considered lucky. Indians believed that a person who was able to see the world through the eyes of both genders at the same time was a gift from The Creator. Traditionally, Two Spirit people held positions within their tribes that earned them great respect, such as Medicine Men/Women, shamans, visionaries, mystics, conjurers, keepers of the tribe's oral traditions, conferrers of lucky names for children and adults (it has been said that Crazy Horse received his name from a Winkte), nurses during war expeditions, cooks, matchmakers and marriage counselors, jewelry/feather regalia makers, potters, weavers, singers/artists in addition to adopting orphaned children and tending to the elderly. Female-bodied Two Spirits were hunters, warriors, engaged in what was typically men's work and by all accounts, were always fearless.

Traditional Native Americans closely associate Two Spirited people with having a high functioning intellect (possibly from a life of self-questioning), keen artistic skills and an exceptional capacity for compassion. Rather than being social dead-enders as within Euro-American culture today, they were allowed to fully participate within traditional tribal social structures. Two Spirit people, specifically male-bodied (biologically male, gender female) could go to war and have access to male activities such as the sweat lodge. However, they also took on female roles such as cooking, cleaning and other domestic responsibilities. Female bodied (biologically female, gender male) Two Spirits usually only had relationships or marriages with females and among the Lakota, they would sometimes enter into a relationship with a female whose husband had died. As male-bodied Two Spirits regarded each other as "sisters," it is speculated that it may have been seen as incestuous for Two Spirits to have a relationship with each other. Within this culture it was considered highly offensive to approach a Two Spirit for the purpose of them performing the traditional role of their biological gender.

Finds Them and Kills Them

Osh-Tisch, also known as Finds Them and Kills Them, was a Crow Badé (Two Spirit) and was celebrated among his tribe for his bravery when he attacked a Lakota war party and saved a fellow tribesman in the Battle of the Rosebud on June 17, 1876. In 1982, Crow elders told ethnohistorian Walter Williams: "The Badé were a respected social group among the Crow. They spent their time with the women or among themselves, setting up their tipis in a separate area of the village. They called each other 'sister' and saw Osh-Tisch as their leader." The elders also told the story of former B.I.A. agents who tried to repeatedly force him to wear men's clothing, but the other Indians protested against this, saying it was against his nature. Joe Medicine Crow told Williams: "One agent in the late 1890's…tried to interfere with Osh-Tisch, who was the most respected Badé. The agent incarcerated the Badés, cut off their hair, made them wear men's clothing. He forced them to do manual labor, planting these trees that you see here on the B.I.A. grounds. The people were so upset with this that Chief Pretty Eagle came into Crow agency and told the agent to leave the reservation. It was a tragedy, trying to change them."

Pressure to change also came from Christian missionaries. In 1903 a Baptist minister arrived on the reservation. According to Thomas Yellow Tail, "He condemned our traditions, including the Badé. He told his congregation to stay away from Osh-Tisch and other Badés. He continued to condemn Osh-Tisch until his death. That may be the reason no others took up the Badé role after Osh-Tisch died."

Closer To Home

On February 11, 1712, Colonel Barnwell of South Carolina attacked the Tuscaroras at Narhantes, a Tuscarora fort on the Neuse River, North Carolina. Barnwell's troops were surprised to find that the most fierce of the Tuscarora warriors were women who do not surrender "until most of them are put to the sword." It was an Iroquois custom to put Two Spirits on the front lines to scare the enemy. A warrior woman and man in women's clothes were as frightening to Euro-Americans then as they are now. John Lawson wrote of the Tuscarora: "During their move to winter hunting quarters, women carried grain and other provisions. After arriving, most of their time was spent in getting firewood, cooking and making craft items. Men who were poor hunters, possibly berdaches, procured bark for the cabins, ran errands back to the town where the old people were left, made wooden bowls and dishes and clay tobacco pipes." By the early 1900s, it had been claimed that there were no alternative genders among the Six Nations Iroquois/Haudenosaunee, despite documentation and oral histories. Most, if not all tribes had been influenced by European prejudices.


https://newsmaven.io/indiancountrytoday/api/amp/indiancountrytoday/archive/two-spirits-one-heart-five-genders-9UH_xnbfVEWQHWkjNn0rQQ/

Superpoderes

llega un momento de la vida que nos deberíamos dar cuenta que el sexo no da superpoderes y que los conductos principales por los que se aprende son los ojos y los oidos .

Flights: Why you must never do this with alcohol in your luggage when returning to the UK | Travel News | Travel | Express.co.uk

Flights: Why you must never do this with alcohol in your luggage when returning to the UK | Travel News | Travel | Express.co.uk


https://www.express.co.uk/travel/articles/1121678/flights-luggage-alcohol-uk-customs-duty-free-allowance-airport

Wislawa Szymborska - Premio Nobel 1996


"Hay quienes"

Hay quienes llevan a cabo la vida más hábilmente.
Tienen orden en su interior y en su alrededor.
Para todo la manera y la respuesta adecuada.

Adivinan inmediatamente quién a quién, quién con quién,
con qué objetivo, por donde.

Ponen el sello en la verdades absolutas,
arrojan a la trituradora los hechos innecesarios,
y a las personas desconocidas
a las carpetas destinadas a ellas de antemano.

Piensan justo lo debido
ni un segundo más,
porque tras ese segundo acecha la duda.

Y cuando los dan de baja de la existencia,
dejan su puesto por la puerta señalada.

A veces los envidio;
afortunadamente se me pasa.

Wislawa Szymborska (1923-2012)

Premio Nobel de Literatura 1996



Alegría según Descartes

"Con frecuencia una alegría improvisada vale más que una tristeza cuya causa es verdadera. Sepamos, pues, improvisar nuestra alegría".

René Descartes (1596-1650)


Avengers y la cinta de Moebius invertida


¿Qué tan cerca estamos de los viajes en el tiempo? Si los agujeros negros pueden hacerlo, quizás algún día también los humanos lo logremos. Esta nota contiene spoilers de la película Avengers: Endgame

ALERTA DE SPOILERS: este artículo contiene detalles sobre la trama de la película Avengers: Endgame. 

En la nueva película de Avengers, el Hombre Hormiga ilustra un caso típico de la ciencia: se le ocurre una idea que al principio parece ridícula y descabellada, pero que termina siendo la clave para resolver un problema.

En el filme ese problema es nada menos que resucitar a la mitad de la población del universo, que se había pulverizado con un simple chasquido de dedos del malvado Thanos.

De manera un poco torpe, el Hombre Hormiga trata de explicar que la solución es crear una máquina de tiempo. Lo que parece un disparate, se convierte en una genialidad gracias a la mente brillante de Iron Man.

Gracias a estos dos personajes, y a Hulk, por supuesto, la película está llena de principios científicos que le dan un interesante toque nerd mezclado con acción.

¿Cuáles son esos conceptos que Avengers toma de la ciencia, especialmente de la física cuántica, y qué tan cercanos son a la realidad?

El Hombre Hormiga puede reducirse a dimensiones subatómicas.

El Hombre Hormiga puede reducirse a dimensiones subatómicas. (Foto: Disney/Marvel)

Viajes en el tiempo

El triunfo de los Avengers depende de que su máquina del tiempo funcione. 

El Hombre Hormiga, que puede encogerse a escalas subatómicas, confía en que las reglas del mundo cuántico los ayuden a realizar ese viaje al pasado.

En una escena menciona la "longitud de Planck", que equivale a 0,000000000000000000000000000000000016centímetros. A esa escala el tiempo y el espacio se comportan de manera distinta, así que eso les brinda una oportunidad.

Pero en su intento de viajar al pasado, los Avengers se enfrentan a otro dilema clásico de la ciencia, conocido como "la paradoja del abuelo".

La paradoja plantea este problema: si lograras viajar al pasado, a la época en la que tu abuelo era un niño y lo asesinas, entonces tú nunca podrías haber nacido, pero… si nunca naciste, entonces no podrías haber viajado al pasado para matarlo.

Esta situación resultaría en un bucle infinito, con lo cual el viaje al pasado sería imposible.

Los Avengers tienen la misión de revivir a la mitad de la humanidad que se desvaneció.

Los Avengers tienen la misión de revivir a la mitad de la humanidad que se desvaneció. (Foto: Disney/Marvel)

Pero, como lo explican en un artículo publicado en el portal The Conversation Michael Milford y Peter Stratton, profesores en la Universidad de Queensland, Australia, gracias a las teorías de Einstein sabemos que los agujeros negros pueden deformar el tiempo y el espacio.

Si los agujeros negros pueden hacerlo, quizás algún día también los humanos lo logremos.

Recientemente, investigadores del Instituto de Física y Tecnología de Moscú lograron que una computadora cuántica revirtiera un bit cuántico al estado que tenía una fracción de segundo en el pasado.

En otras palabras, lograron que el tiempo fluyera hacia atrás.

Realidades alternativas

Los Avengers también abren la puerta a otro enigma: la posibilidad de universos paralelos.

En física a esto se le conoce como la Teoría de muchos mundos.

A nivel cuántico, un objeto se puede comportar como una partícula o una onda. Es decir, una partícula cuántica puede tener dos estados a la vez.

Según la Teoría de muchos mundos, cualquier medición que se haga de un objeto cuántico causa que se cree un nuevo universo.

Así, como lo explica el portal HowStuffWorks, el universo se divide en dos para mostrar los dos posibles resultados de la medición. En un universo el objeto se medirá como una partícula y en el otro, como una onda.

Según Milford y Stratton, los Avengers se la juegan por esa idea de la realidad alternativa, en la que cualquier cambio que se haga en el pasado genera un nuevo universo.

Se crea una "ramificación de varias líneas de tiempo", como la llaman los profesores.

La cinta de Moebius

En su búsqueda por crear una máquina del tiempo, Tony Stark (Iron Man) tiene un momento eureka cuando logra diseñar una "cinta de Moebius invertida".

Esta cinta es lo que los matemáticos llaman un "objeto de un solo lado".

Una forma sencilla de hacer una cinta de Moebius es tomar una tira de papel, voltearla y pegar sus extremos como haciendo una pulsera.

Esta cinta plantea interesantes conceptos que desafían la física, como subir para abajo, o bajar para arriba. Por eso los expertos la definen como un "objeto no orientable".

La cinta de Moebius también es un símbolo de lo infinito, así que los conceptos matemáticos y esa aura mística que la rodea, le dan la combinación perfecta para que aparezca en la épica Avengers, donde el tiempo y el espacio son sus mayores aliados en la batalla por salvar al universo.



https://elcomercio.pe/tecnologia/ciencias/avengers-endgame-funciona-fisica-cuantica-salvar-universo-noticia-630545

Al S de Islandia

Y un poco al S  de 🇮🇸 Islandia qué se sentirá si uno viene por mar ? Digo ahí Donde el agua cálida dirección NE (de la corriente del golfo) se enfría , baja hasta las profundidades para regresar como agua fría en dirección SW?


https://twitter.com/antarcticacl/status/1123395888624353280?s=12

A mathematician traces his journey from poverty to prominence | Science News

A mathematician traces his journey from poverty to prominence | Science News


https://www.sciencenews.org/article/mathematician-traces-his-journey-poverty-prominence

Human ancestors were 'grounded,' new analysis shows - The Archaeology News Network

Human ancestors were 'grounded,' new analysis shows - The Archaeology News Network

African apes adapted to living on the ground, a finding that indicates human evolved from an ancestor not limited to tree or other elevated habitats. The analysis adds a new chapter to evolution, shedding additional light on what preceded human bipedalism.

image: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJC83WgfOEb9paZ1xkixclqp7x9_JVxfw1yZK1g4bmLO0ewaGfsJbEN0Fb_zn5syQrmD8DKjGRXRowAix6ZSZnm_-jnpGXNrKiCCQZln_hQ3SSOZGHKvzvIXWUV8aRbdocQXDwID4HZuX4/s640/human-ancestors.jpg

Human ancestors were 'grounded,' new analysis shows
An evolutionary tree depicting the relationships among living apes, Ardi, and modern humans. Each branch on the tree 
represents a species and their intersections represent their common ancestors. The dots represent hypothetical evolutionary 
changes associated with the evolution of ground-living adaptations in the common ancestor of African apes and humans
 as well as the evolution of bipedalism, which is supported by the analysis. This shows that human bipedalism 
evolved from an ancestral form similar to the living African apes [Credit: Thomas Prang]
"Our unique form of human locomotion evolved from an ancestor that moved in similar ways to the living African apes--chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas," explains Thomas Prang, a doctoral candidate in New York University's Department of Anthropology and the author of the study, which appears in the journal eLife. "In other words, the common ancestor we share with chimpanzees and bonobos was an African ape that probably had adaptations to living on the ground in some form and frequency."

The way that humans walk--striding bipedalism--is unique among all living mammals, an attribute resulting from myriad changes over time.

"The human body has been dramatically modified by evolutionary processes over the last several million years in ways that happened to make us better walkers and runners," notes Prang.


Much of this change is evident in the human foot, which has evolved to be a propulsive organ, with a big toe incapable of ape-like grasping and a spring-like, energy-saving arch that runs from front to back.

These traits raise a long-studied, but not definitively answered, question: From what kind of ancestor did the human foot evolve?

In the eLife work, Prang, a researcher in NYU's Center for the Study of Human Origins, focused on the fossil species Ardipithecus ramidus ('Ardi'), a 4.4 million-years-old human ancestor from Ethiopia--more than a million years older than the well-known 'Lucy' fossil. Ardi's bones were first publicly revealed in 2009 and have been the subject of debate since then.
Read more at https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2019/04/human-ancestors-were-grounded-new.html#8RG5JlSyfGBth5Yz.99

https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2019/04/human-ancestors-were-grounded-new.html

Revealed: the world's sexiest accents | London Evening Standard

Revealed: the world's sexiest accents | London Evening Standard

The New Zealand accent has been named the "world's sexiest" after a global survey of more than a million people.

International travel website Big 7 Travel gave its 1.5 million users a month to vote for their favourite accents, revealing the list of the top 50 countrieson Monday.

"The "Newzild" dialect is outrageously charming. The sexiest accent in the world? It's official," the company wrote on its top place announcement.

The Kiwis were followed closely by South Africa, Ireland, Italy and Australia respectively, while Scotland hit the top spot for Britain – coming in at sixth place for its "rich sounds and harsh vowels".

"Queen's English" – described as "clear, clipped and completely posh"  – fell just outside the top ten at number 12, while Liverpool's "highly distinctive" Scouse accent was awarded a place of its own at number 32.

Newcastle's Geordie accent was also honoured with a mention in 41st place, despite being "notoriously difficult to understand", according to the travel site.

Welsh scraped into the rankings in 45th place, and was praised by Big 7 for its musicality and beauty.

"Soft and lyrical, it's a beautiful language. But sexy? Apparently not," reads the website's Welsh accent description.

The Croatian accent came in last place: "The least popular Slavic accent, Croats just about made the Top 50."

With over 7,000 accents worldwide, New Zealanders should feel suitably proud of their accolade.

Other countries will have to hope for better luck next year. 



https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/revealed-the-worlds-sexiest-accents-a4128921.html

The 'orgasm gap': Why it exists and what women can do about it

Aerolíneas más seguras del 2019

Twenty safest airlines, 2019.


- Air New Zealand

- Alaska Airlines

- ANA

- American Airlines

- Austrian

- British Airways

- Cathay Pacific

- Emirates

- EVA

- Finnair

- Hawaiian

- KLM

- Lufthansa

- Qantas (1st)

- Qatar

- SAS

- Singapore

- Swiss

- United

- Virgin


(AirlineRatings)